Forensic pathologists, or medical examiners, are specially trained physicians who examine the bodies of people who died suddenly, unexpectedly, or violently. The forensic pathologist is responsible for determining the cause (the ultimate and immediate reasons for the cessation of life) and manner of death (homicide, suicide, accidental, natural, or unknown).
To determine the identity of the victim and the time, manner and cause of death, the forensic pathologist:
- studies the medical history,
- evaluates crime scene evidence including witness statements,
- performs an autopsy to uncover evidence of injury or disease, and
- collects medical and trace evidence from the body for further analysis.
In addition to anatomy, the forensic pathologist may draw upon specialized knowledge and training in:
- toxicology
- firearms/ballistics
- trace evidence
- serology (blood analysis), and
- DNA technology.
A forensic pathologist may be appointed as a Medical Examiner by a legal jurisdiction such as a city, county or state.
Clinical forensic pathologists examine living patients, usually in cases where sexual assault or abuse is suspected.
Once all the evidence is analyzed, the forensic pathologist prepares a written report, and may also testify to these findings in court.
This career profile was reviewed and approved by Max Houck, M.A., Director, Forensic Science Initiative, West Virginia University.
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